Spondylolisthesis

Spondylolisthesis is a medical term used for spine slippage. The human spine has a perfectly aligned S shape, but spondylolisthesis distorts this alignment. With spondylolisthesis, a vertebra slips forward or backward onto the vertebra below. ​Depending on the cause, spondylolisthesis can be classified into 5 different types: degenerative, isthmic, dysplastic/congenital, pathogenic, and traumatic spondylolisthesis.

1. Degenerative spondylolisthesis is commonly caused by degenerative diseases.

2. Isthmic spondylolisthesis affects both adults and children. It is generally caused by a small fracture(s) in the pars interarticularis, part of the facet joint.

3. Dysplastic spondylolisthesis, also known as congenital spondylolisthesis, is a result of a congenital birth defect.

4. Pathogenic spondylolisthesis is caused by diseases such as tumors or infections.

5. Traumatic spondylolisthesis is the result of a bone fracture from a traumatic event.

Spondylolisthesis can occur anywhere on the spine; it is most common in the lower back and is a common source of lower back pain. The symptoms can often be improved with non-surgical treatments, however, serious spondylolisthesis may need surgery. Symptoms of spondylolisthesis can be extremely painful and debilitating. Sufferers often have trouble working, as function is limited and walking is difficult.